Introduction to Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis, often referred to simply as “Crypto,” is a parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa. It primarily affects the small intestine and can lead to severe waterborne diarrhea. Although it infects a variety of animals, the primary concerns for human health […]

Introduction to Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative, invariably fatal brain disorder. It affects about one person in every one million per year worldwide; in the United States, there are about 350 cases per year. CJD usually appears in later life and runs a rapid course. […]

Introduction to Chagas Disease Chagas Disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). It is primarily transmitted to humans by the bite of triatomine bugs, commonly referred to as “kissing bugs”. These insects become infected by feeding on […]

Introduction to Campylobacteriosis Campylobacteriosis is an infection caused by bacteria of the genus Campylobacter. These bacteria are one of the most common causes of gastrointestinal illness worldwide and can lead to symptoms ranging from diarrhea to more severe conditions such as Guillain-Barré syndrome. This condition is primarily spread through contaminated […]

Brucellosis Brucellosis, also known as Malta fever or Mediterranean fever, is a zoonotic infection caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Brucella. The disease primarily affects animals, such as sheep, goats, cattle, pigs, and dogs, but can also be transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals or consumption […]

Blue-Green Algae Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, are a type of bacteria that are commonly found in freshwater environments such as lakes, ponds, and rivers. These algae can produce toxins that can be harmful to both humans and animals. Exposure to blue-green algae toxins can cause a range of […]

Introduction to Botulism Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. This toxin attacks the body’s nerves, leading to symptoms such as muscle weakness, paralysis, and potentially life-threatening breathing difficulties. Botulism can be contracted through contaminated food, wounds, or inhaled spores. […]

Avian Influenza Avian Influenza, also known as bird flu, is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects birds. However, some strains of the virus can also infect humans and other animals. Avian Influenza is a significant concern for the poultry industry as it can cause severe economic losses due […]